Shoulder pain is a common orthopedic complaint, but may not always be caused by a shoulder condition. Conditions such as gallstones, peptic ulcers, and even heart conditions may refer pain to the shoulder, as may problems with the neck. While the orthopedic medical transcriptionist might expect to encounter only shoulder injuries such as rotator cuff tears and fractures in the orthopedic clinic setting, she should be knowledgeable of inter-related medical terminology and prepared for a variety of complaints and conditions in addition to the basics below.

Anatomy – Shoulder Muscles, Bones, and Tendons

The two major bones that form the shoulder joint are the humerus and the scapula. The scapula has three distinct parts: the glenoid, acromion, and coracoid process. Where the humerus meets the glenoid, we have the glenohumeral joint, a ball-and-socket joint. This joint is cushioned by articular cartilage and stabilized by the labrum. The clavicle, particularly where it meets the acromion (the acromioclavicular joint or AC joint) is also considered part of the shoulder. The SC joint or sternoclavicular joint is where the clavicle meets the sternum.

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